The famous oil painting shown is a work by which artist?

Henri Julien Félix Rousseau (1844 – 1910) was a French post-impressionist painter in the Naïve or Primitive manner. He was also known as Le Douanier (the customs officer), a humorous description of his occupation as a toll and tax collector. He started painting seriously in his early forties and by the age of 49 he retired from his job to work on his art full-time.

Ridiculed during his lifetime by critics, he came to be recognized as a self-taught genius whose works are of high artistic quality. Rousseau's work exerted an extensive influence on several generations of avant-garde artists.

The "Sleeping Gypsy" was created by Henri Rousseau in 1897. The oil on canvas painting was acquired by art historian Alfred H. Barr Jr. for the New York Museum of Modern Art. The dimensions are 129.5 cm × 200.7 cm (51.0 in × 79.0 in).

With a mysterious poetry, the lion visits the gypsy woman and her mandolin in this composition that employs hard lines and flattish perspectives to great advantage. The African gypsy is wearing an oriental costume and beside her lies a mandolin and a jar of water. These items each have significant importance to the cultures in which they belong. The oriental frock and mandolin are all customary to their respective Asian and Italian cultures. However, Rousseau decides to mix them all together in his own painting. The depiction of a lion musing over a sleeping woman on a moonlit night is one of the most recognizable artworks of modern times.