In which year did the 1972 World Chess Champion Robert James Fischer gain Icelandic citizenship?

Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943 – January 17, 2008), popularly known as Bobby Fischer, was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion. Many consider him to be the greatest chess player of all time.

He won the World Chess Championship in 1972, defeating Boris Spassky of the USSR, in a match held in Reykjavík, Iceland.

In 1975, Fischer refused to defend his title when an agreement could not be reached with FIDE, chess's international governing body. In 1992, he won an unofficial rematch against Spassky. It was held in Yugoslavia, which was under a United Nations embargo at the time. His participation led to a conflict with the U.S. government, which warned Fischer that his participation in the match would violate an executive order imposing U.S. sanctions on Yugoslavia, and ultimately issued a warrant for his arrest. In 2004, he was arrested in Japan and held for several months for using a passport that had been revoked by the U.S. government.

Seeking ways to evade deportation to the United States, Fischer wrote a letter to the government of Iceland in early January 2005, requesting Icelandic citizenship. Iceland were reluctant to grant him the full benefits of citizenship, so they granted him an alien's passport. When this proved insufficient for the Japanese authorities, the Althing (the Icelandic Parliament) agreed unanimously to grant Fischer full citizenship in late March for humanitarian reasons.