The Comoros, officially the Union of the Comoros, is a sovereign archipelago island nation in the Indian Ocean located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel off the eastern coast of Africa between northeastern Mozambique and northwestern Madagascar. Its capital is Moroni, on Grande Comore. The Union of the Comoros has three official languages, which are Comorian, Arabic and French. The religion of the majority of the population is Islam.

The country consists of three major islands and numerous smaller islands, all in the volcanic Comoros archipelago. The major islands are commonly known by their French names: northwestern-most Grande Comore (Ngazidja); Mohéli (Mwali); and Anjouan(Nzwani).

It became part of the French colonial empire in the 19th century before becoming independent in 1975. Since declaring independence, the country has experienced more than 20 attempted coups, with various heads of state assassinated. Along with this constant political instability, the population of the Comoros lives with the worst income inequality of any nation. As of 2008 about half the population lived below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day.

The Comorian legal system rests on Islamic law, an inherited French (Napoleonic Code) legal code, and customary law. Village elders or civilian courts settle most disputes. The Supreme Court acts as a Constitutional Council in resolving constitutional questions and supervising presidential elections.

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