Socrates was born around 469 BC in Deme Alopece, Athens, Greece. His father was Sophroniscus, a stonemason. Because he wasn't from a noble family, he worked as a stonemason for many years.

In Athens, all men healthy enough were required to serve in the military from the age of 18. He participated in three military campaigns during the Peloponnesian War. He joined the hoplite, a branch which used a shield, long spear and face mask. At the battle of Potidaea, he saved the life of Alcibiades, a popular Athenian general. Socrates was known for his courage in battle and fearlessness, a trait that stayed with him throughout his life.

Socrates believed that the art of philosophy should achieve practical results for the greater well-being of society. After the humiliating defeat by Sparta, Athens entered a period of instability and doubt. During this period Socrates attacked some of the basic principles of wealth and living in past glories. While many Athenians admired his philosophies many did not and felt he threatened their way of life.

In 399 BC, he was arrested as "an evil doer and a curious person, searching into things under the earth and above the heaven; and making the worse appear the better cause, and teaching all this to others." He was convicted by a vote of 280 to 221. He was sentenced to die by drinking a mixture of poison hemlock.

More Info: en.wikipedia.org