Despite more volcanoes in the "Ring of Fire" around the Pacific rim and in the great Atlantic rift that encircles the Earth, the densest number on Earth is in West Antarctica where some scientists say the ice shelf is in danger and could raise the sea level. Yet, NASA scientists have concluded that ice losses would be offset by the ice creation in East Antarctica. Ice losses in the period 2003-08 were put at 126 billion tons a year and overall gains at 208 billion tons, for a net annual gain of 82 billion tons of ice.

A little known feature of the continent is the discovery of the world’s most concentrated region of 138 volcanoes under the ice sheet of West Antarctica and its peninsula. The rift volcanoes could sharply accelerate the ice sheet’s disintegration.

Antarctica is among the least studied areas on Earth. It's the coldest place on Earth with the world's largest desert. It has a lake the size of Lake Ontario, half a mile deep, locked beneath 2 miles of ice. An average elevation of 7,500 ft. makes it the highest continent on Earth with a peak at 16,066 ft. A Transatlantic Mountain Chain divides East and West Antarctica. It also has a rift under the ice which is comparable to the Grand Canyon. This western rift is the source of all its recently active volcanoes. Antarctica's Mount Erebus (12,448 ft) is an active volcano and lava lake with constant activity, one of 5 lava lakes on Earth. Erebus has produced continual mild eruptions for at least decades.

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