Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (29 January 1860 – 15 July 1904) was a Russian playwright and short story writer, who is considered to be among the greatest writers of short fiction in history. His career as a playwright produced four classics and his best short stories are held in high esteem by writers and critics.

On July 15 1904, Russia's most famous physician, Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, died of tuberculosis at 44 years of age in Badenweiler, Germany. His body was shipped to Moscow by train in a refrigerated car marked “For Oysters.” At the Novodevichy cemetery, Maxim Gorky and Fyodor Chaliapin joined a huge crowd of mourners for a farewell to their Antosha. (Figure) Chekhov's remarkable life was devoted to medicine and consumed by literature. In a letter to a friend, he wrote, "Medicine is my lawful wife and literature my mistress; when I get tired of one, I spend the night with the other".

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