In the 'Peanuts' series of comic strips by Charles M. Schulz, Schroeder is a precocious piano player who loves classical music, particularly the composer Ludwig van Beethoven. Since Beethoven was a lifelong bachelor, Schroeder believes he should follow suit, much to the annoyance of Lucy van Pelt's who is madly in love with Schroeder. One gag in the series involves Lucy smashing his bust of Beethoven. Instead of getting angry, Schroeder wordlessly takes out another one from a closetful of Beethoven busts.

Schroeder first appeared in the series in 1951, although did not appear with his piano until 1954. He has short, blond hair and he almost always wears a striped shirt. He lives at 1770 James Street, the same number as the year of Beethoven's birth. When asked about the choice of name, Schulz said, "Schroeder was named after a young boy with whom I used to caddy at Highland Park golf course in St. Paul, Minnesota. I don't recall ever knowing his first name, but just 'Schroeder' seemed right for the character in the script, even before he became the great musician he now is."

'Peanuts' is a comic strip about a boy named Charlie Brown, his dog named Snoopy, and the lives of his best friends. Schulz created the comic strip in 1950 and continued producing it until his death in 2000. Much of the content was based on Schulz's childhood experiences. The 'Peanuts' characters and stories were later adapted into short animated television programmes.

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