The Brihadishvara temple, also known as the ‎Brihadeeswara Temple, is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva located on the South Bank of the Cauvery river in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. The original monuments of this 11th-century temple were built around a moat. It included gopura, the main temple, its massive tower, inscriptions, frescoes, and sculptures predominantly related to Shaivism, but also of Vaishnavism and Shaktism traditions of Hinduism.

This temple is one of the largest South Indian temples and an exemplary example of the famed Tamil architecture. The temple has a massive colonnaded 'prakara' (corridor) and one of the largest Shiva lingas in India. It is also famed for the quality of its sculptures, as well as being the location that commissioned the brass Nataraja – Shiva as the lord of dance, in the 11th century.

Thanjavur is a city in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It has historical monuments which include the Thanjavur Maratha Palace which houses the centuries-old Saraswathi Mahal Library, with palm-leaf manuscripts, and the Thanjavur Art Gallery, with bronze statues and the Brihadishvara Temple. The Tamil University Museum has coins, folk artifacts, and musical instruments on display.

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