Pastis is inseparable from the Provençal art of living. Pastis is an anise-flavoured spirit and apéritif traditionally from France, typically containing less than 100 g/l sugar and 40–45% ABV (alcohol by volume).

The word 'pastis' is derived from the combination of two terms: the first of Provençal origin, 'pâtisson,' and the second of Italian origin, 'pasticchio.' Both words mean "mixture". An etymology which corresponds perfectly to the principle of pastis, a mixture of different herbs.

Pastis is normally diluted with water before drinking, generally five volumes of water for one volume of pastis, but often neat pastis is served together with a jug of water for the drinker to blend together according to preference. The resulting decrease in alcohol percentage causes some of the constituents to become insoluble, which changes the liqueur's appearance from dark transparent yellow to milky soft yellow.

Anise, a major ingredient in the composition of pastis, was already used 15 centuries BCE, notably by the Romans. It was used to treat tooth and gum problems, as well as heart disease. According to legend, the Romans found that anise had another useful property: it whetted their appetite! Since then, anise has demonstrated its digestive virtues, since it is often used as the main ingredient in herbal teas.

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