Which British writer created the neologism "Big Brother"?

Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950) known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist and critic. Orwell's work remains influential in popular culture and in political culture such his as neologism "Big Brother" is part of the English language.

Big Brother is a fictional character and symbol in George Orwell's dystopian 1949 novel 'Nineteen Eighty-Four'. He is the leader of Oceania, a totalitarian state wherein the ruling party wields total power over the inhabitants. In that society, every citizen is under constant surveillance by the authorities, mainly by telescreens. The people are constantly reminded of this by the slogan "Big Brother is watching you". In modern culture, the term "Big Brother" is a synonym for abuse of government power, particularly in respect to civil liberties, often specifically related to mass surveillance.

As a writer, Orwell produced literary criticism and poetry, fiction and polemical journalism. He is known for the allegorical novella 'Animal Farm' (1945) and the dystopian novel 'Nineteen Eighty-Four' (1949). His non-fiction works, including 'The Road to Wigan Pier' (1937), and 'Homage to Catalonia' (1938), are as critically respected as his essays on politics and literature, language and culture. In 2008, The Times ranked George Orwell second among "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945"