Which medieval order of monks was established by St. Bruno?

The Carthusians, also known as the Order of Carthusians, is an order of the Catholic Church founded by Saint Bruno of Cologne in 1084. The motto of the Carthusians is 'Stat crux dum volvitur orbis', which is Latin for 'The Cross is steady while the world turns.' The name 'Carthusian' derives from the Chartreuse Mountains in the French Prealps, where Bruno built his first hermitage.

Saint Bruno was born in Cologne around 1030 AD and was ordained as a priest in 1055. From 1057 until 1075, Bruno ran an Episcopal school at Reims in France, after which he was appointed chancellor of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of the city. When Bruno refused to take on the role of Bishop, he moved to a solitary site in the mountainous valley of Chartreuse with six companions. Here, he built the first Carthusian monastery, which was later destroyed by an avalanche.

The monastery was reconstructed and, despite several mishaps, still stands today (2021). Known as the Grande Chartreuse, it is the Motherhouse of the Order. The monks that live in the monastery are involved in producing the green-and-yellow-coloured Chartreuse liqueur.

Those wishing to join the Carthusians must be between 21 and 45, and pass a medical examination. There are 23 charterhouses throughout the world, located in Argentina, Brazil, France, Germany, Italy, Korea, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, the UK and the USA.