The 1976 Summer Olympics, officially called the Games of the XXI Olympiad was an international multi-sport event in Montreal, Canada, in 1976, and the first Olympic Games held in Canada.

Canada was placed 27th with only 11 medals in total but with no gold medals. Canada remains the only host nation of a Summer Olympics that did not win at least one gold medal in its own games. It also did not win any gold medals at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. However, Canada went on to win the most gold medals with 14 at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.

Italy, Japan and Germany have all hosted the Summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games and have achieved at least one gold medal on each occasion.

Switzerland was the host nation for the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz. The lone bronze medal won in men's ice hockey remains the lowest output by a host nation at a modern Olympic games (Winter or Summer).

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