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What divides the Earth into the east and west hemisphere?
The Prime Meridian divides our planet into Eastern and Western hemispheres, just like the equator determines Northern and Southern hemispheres.The Prime Meridian locates at 0 degrees longitude, just as the equator does at 0 degrees latitude. Actually, the International Date Line is supposed to be at longitude 180 degrees, but it varies quite a distance for political reasons.
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