Robert Oppenheimer has often been called the father of the atomic bomb. From 1943 until 1945, he directed the top-secret Los Alamos New Mexico laboratory where the first atomic bomb was designed, built and tested. A scientific prodigy, he graduated summa cum laude from Harvard and attained his PhD by age 23. He and one of his students were responsible for the Oppenheimer-Phillips prediction of nuclear fusion. He learned Sanskrit to read the Hindu holy book The Bhavagad Gita in its original text. When asked what he thought after the first explosion, he quoted from the Bhavagad Gita "Now I am become death, destroyer of worlds."

General Leslie Groves, military director of the Manhattan Project, selected Oppenheimer to direct the project. He explained the Oppenheimer was the only one who knew every phase of the project, including chemistry, physics, metallurgy, ordnance and engineering. After the war, Oppenheimer became an outspoken critic of nuclear proliferation. President Lyndon Johnson presented Oppenheimer The Enrico Fermi Award for his work in physics.

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