In June 1919, Ho Chi Minh (1890-1969) petitioned the Paris Peace Conference at Versailles for self determination and independence for the Vietnamese people.

His claims as they were called, were demands seeking national self-determination to pass from an ideal to reality through the effective recognition of the sacred right of all people to decide their own destiny. At the time, Vietnam was French Indochina, a French colonial territory. His petition was presented to "the noble governments of the entente in general and in particular to the honorable French government offering 8 "humble claims".

The claims included: 1) general amnesty for all people who had been condemned for their political activity; 2) judicial guarantees equal to what Europeans had plus a suppression of special courts that were instruments of oppression; 3) freedom of the press and speech; 4) freedom of association and assembly; 5) freedom to emigrate and travel abroad; 6) freedom of education and the establishment of technical and professional schools in each province; 7) replacement of the (French) regime of arbitrary decrees; 8) a permanent delegation of Vietnamese people elected to attend the French parliament to maintain communication and inform the French parliament of Vietnamese needs.

His claims were ignored and in the 1920s he became a Communist and launched a revolution in Vietnam in the 1940s after the Japanese occupied French Indochina during WWII.

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