Construction began of the Coliseum in Rome, Italy during which years?

Construction of the Colosseum or Coliseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheater (Latin: ‘Amphitheatrum Falvium’) is an oval shaped structure located in the center of the city of Rome, Italy. It was built of travertine limestone, volcanic rock and brick-faced concrete. At the time, it was the largest amphitheater ever built and held an estimated 50,000 spectators.

Construction began under the rule of Vespasian around 70-72 or 73-75 CE according to sources. It had been built up to the third story by the time of Emperor Vespasian’s death in 79 CE. His son Titus finished the top level in 80 CE and the inaugural games were held in that same year or one year later. Further modifications were made during a second son of Vespasian, during the reign of Domitian (81-96 CE). These three emperors are known as the Flavian dynasty- the amphitheater was named in Latin for its association with their family name (Flavius).

The coliseum was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles, animal hunts, executions, re-enhancements of famous battles and dramas based on Classical mythology.

Although it has been substantially ruined over the centuries due to earthquakes, thieves, and stone-robbers, the Coliseum is yet today an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome and is listed as one of the ‘New7Wonders’ of the world. In 2018, it was the most popular tourist attraction in the world with 7.4 million visitors.