In number theory, Fermat's Last Theorem states that no three positive integers a, b, and c satisfy the equation a^n + b^n = c^n (where a^n means "a raised to the power of n") for any integer value of n greater than two. The cases where n = 1 and n = 2 have long been known to have infinitely many solutions. This theorem was first conjectured by Pierre de Fermat in 1637 in the margin of a copy of Arithmetica where he claimed he had a proof that was too large to fit in the margin.

A lot of time (358 years, to be specific) has passed before the first successful proof of the most difficult mathematical problem of all time was released and published. Andrew Wiles, a British mathematician born in 1953, released the proof in 1994. It was officially published in 1995. This very theorem became a powerful motivation for the development of algebraic number theory in the 19th and 20th centuries. The theorem had more unsuccessful proofs than any other one known.

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