Ireland is an island in the Atlantic Ocean off the north-western coast of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe. To its east is the island of Great Britain, from which it is separated by the Irish Sea and North Channel.

The Irish constitution proclaims that the state´s name is Éire (in the Irish Gaelic language), while the world knows it as Ireland. In the Republic of Ireland, however, these historic divisions are still used as the basis of local government. There are 32 counties in the island of Ireland (26 in the Republic of Ireland and 6 in Northern Ireland) as well as some of the major towns. The Republic of Ireland is the official description of the 26-county Irish state. It was created under the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty making it completely independent from England and Northern Ireland.

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