Henry I (c. 1068 – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135. He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts.

On 11 November 1100 Henry married Matilda, the daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland, in Westminster Abbey. They had two children, Empress Matilda and William Adelin. Matilda, died in early 1118. Henry's son William drowned the White Ship tragedy after sinking in the English channel on 25th November 1120.

The disaster left Henry with no legitimate son, his various nephews now the closest possible male heirs. Henry announced he would take a new wife, Adeliza of Louvain, opening up the prospect of a new royal son, and the two were married at Windsor Castle in January 1121. Unfortunately their marriage produced no children.

Adeliza of Louvain (c. 1103 – March/April 1151) was the daughter of Godfrey I, Count of Louvain. She was Queen of England from 1121 to 1135. After the death of Henry she became queen dowager (a title or status generally held by the widow of a king), Adeliza spent three years based in a convent, then married again and had seven children by William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel.

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