In which country was one of the key philosophers of the 20th century Martin Heidegger born?

Martin Heidegger (26 September 1889 – 26 May 1976) was a key German philosopher of the 20th century. He is best known for contributions to phenomenology, hermeneutics, and existentialism.

In Heidegger's fundamental text "Being and Time" (1927), "Dasein" is introduced as a term for the type of being that humans possess. Dasein has been translated as "being there". Heidegger believes that Dasein already has a "pre-ontological" and non-abstract understanding that shapes how it lives. This mode of being he terms "being-in-the-world".

Heidegger joined the Nazi Party on May 1, 1933, ten days after being elected Rector of the University of Freiburg. A year later, in April 1934, he resigned the Rectorship and stopped taking part in Nazi Party meetings, but remained a member of the Nazi Party until its dismantling at the end of World War II. The denazification hearings immediately after World War II led to Heidegger's dismissal from Freiburg, banning him from teaching.

Heidegger never apologized for anything and is only known to have expressed regret once, privately, when he described his rectorship and the related political engagement as "the greatest stupidity of his life".