Apart from rectangular grid layouts, it is rare to find a town that has been planned to a regular geometric shape. However, there are some interesting examples in Italy. The picture shows an exceptionally fine example. It is an aerial view of Grammichele, a town and “commune” in the Metropolitan City of Catania in Sicily, southern Italy. It is located at the feet of the Hyblaean Mountains, some 13 kilometres (8 miles) from Caltagirone.

The town was built in 1693, after the old town of Occhiolà, located to the north of the modern Grammichele, was destroyed by an earthquake, along with much of south-eastern Sicily. The devastation of the old town was so severe that the feudal landlord of the town, Carlo Maria Carafa Branciforte, Prince of Butari, commissioned construction of a new town, with plans aided by Michele da Ferla. The survivors named the new town Grammichele, after St. Michele, in the hope that the saint will protect the new town from further disasters.

The hexagonal plan designed for Grammichele is divided into six sectors by six roads converging towards the main square, that is hexagonal too, on which public offices overlooked. In the centre of the hexagon is the Piazza Carlo Maria Carafa, faced by the Chiesa Madre (Mother Church), San Michele Arcangelo, and the Palazzo Communale (City Hall). The town of Avola, destroyed by the same earthquake, was also relocated and rebuilt along a similar layout, but with more deviations from a strict hexagonal pattern.

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