The Hanish Islands are an island group in the Red Sea. Most of them are a part of Yemen, but before 1998 they were claimed by Eritrea as well.

After a case in an international court under the guidance of Abdul Karim al-Iryani, Yemen was granted full ownership of the larger Islands, and Eritrea was awarded the peripheral islands to the southwest.

The three largest islands are Jabal Zuqar to the north (about 130 km²), Al-anīsh al-Kabīr (Great Anīsh) to the south (about 116 km²), with the much smaller Al-anīsh al-Ṣaghīr (Little Anīsh) in between.

In 1991, Eritrea gained independence and, in 1996, attempted to exercise sovereignty over the archipelago, starting the Hanish Islands conflict, which was eventually ended after a brief conflict between Eritrea and Yemen over the islands.

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