Potenza is the capital of the Basilicata region, southern Italy, 2,684 ft (819 m) above sea level in the Apennines near the upper Basento River, east of Salerno. The Roman Potentia (founded 2nd century BC) stood on a lower site than the modern city. In 1806 the French-made Potenza the capital of the Basilicata.

Basilicata is a region in southern Italy, along the Golfo di Taranto (Gulf of Taranto). Basilicata is roughly divided into a western mountainous section, dominated by the Appennino Lucano, and an eastern section of low hills and wide valleys, while along the Ionian Sea the sand and clay hills overlook narrow coastal plains.

The region covers about 10,000 km2 (3,900 sq mi). In 2010 the population was slightly under 600,000. The region is divided into two provinces: Potenza and Matera. The population density is very low compared to that of Italy as a whole in 2010. There is not a great difference between the population densities of the provinces of Matera and Potenza.

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