The astronomical phenomenon of a blue moon means that the moon will be blue for a month
Both a blue moon and a lunar eclipse occurred on the 31st of December, 2009
You might have already guessed that if a moon is called a blue one, it's actually not about its color. The thing is that a blue moon is the second full moon in a calendar month. It appears every two to three years.
So, why is it called "a blue moon"? The origin of the term is vague, yet the suggestion has been made that the word "blue" replaced the no-longer-understood belewe, which meant "to betray". So, the original meaning would then have been "betrayer moon", as a full moon normally appears just once in a month.