The female gender symbol is a representation of what item belonging to the goddess Venus?

The two standard sex symbols are the Mars symbol ♂ (often considered to represent a shield and spear) for male and Venus symbol ♀ (often considered to represent a bronze mirror with a handle) for female, derived from astrological symbols, denoting the classical planets Mars and Venus, respectively, and the elements iron and copper by alchemists.

They were first used to denote the effective sex of plants (i.e. sex of individual in a given crossbreed, since most plants are hermaphroditic) by Carl Linnaeus in 1751. They are still used in scientific publications to indicate the sex of an individual, for example of a patient. However, pedigree charts published in scientific papers now more commonly use a square for male and a circle for female.

The female sign (♀️) is connected to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, whose Greek equivalent is Aphrodite. The female symbol depicts a hand mirror. The hand mirror depicts a tool used for view pride and looks, a common stereotype attributed to women. Historically, women were expected to be soft and play the role of caregiver.