Charon is one of five satellites of the dwarf planet Pluto and the largest. It was discovered in 1978 by the United States Naval Observatory in Washington from plates taken at the United States Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station (NOFS). Its diameter is about half that of Pluto, making it the Solar System's largest moon in relation to its mother planet.

The other moons of Pluto are Nix, Hydra, Kerberos and Styx, but Charon is the only one of the five that is actually spherical and may be redefined as a dwarf planet on its own at some future date. Pluto is the most distant planet or dwarf planet in our Solar System. Charon was discovered by United States Naval Observatory astronomer James Christy, using the 1.55-meter telescope at NOFS. Some astronomers consider Pluto and Charon to be a binary planetary system.

Pluto itself was discovered in 1930 by Clyde William Tombaugh, an astronomer who later served as head of the Astronomy Department of New Mexico State University in Las Cruces, New Mexico. It was the first object in the Kuiper Belt to be identified.

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