The painting 'And When Did You Last See Your Father?' is set during which conflict?

'And When Did You Last See Your Father?' (1878) is an oil painting by William Frederick Yeames (1835-1918) that depicts a household scene during the English Civil War (1642-1651). The war was fought between the Parliamentarians and Royalists, led by Oliver Cromwell and King Charles I respectively. The family in the painting support the Royalists, and the Parliamentarians, identifiable by their plain clothing, are questioning them about the whereabouts of the man of the house.

As well as painting a historical scene, Yeames wanted to illustrate the dangers of a child's innocence. The young boy being questioned may not realise the harm that could befall his father if he tells the men the truth.

The colour of the boy's outfit stands out, making him the central focus of the scene. The Parliamentarians were purists and refused to wear any extravagant clothing. The boy's clothes, as well as the dress his sobbing sister wears, mark them out as the children of the opposition. The colour blue also emphasises the child's innocence.

Whilst the boy and girl in the painting belong to the Parliamentarians' enemies, they are treated sympathetically. The questioner has a friendly expression and another man comforts the little girl. Unfortunately, this may give the children a false sense of security and make them more willing to reveal their father's hiding place.

The painting is currently on display at the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool.