Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, also known as Naval Station Guantanamo Bay or NSGB, is located on 45 square miles of land and water at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, which the United States leased for use as a coaling and naval station in 1903 (for $2,000 per year until 1934, for $4,085 per year since 1938 until now). The base is on the shore of Guantánamo Bay at the southeastern end of Cuba. This U.S. naval base is the oldest overseas facility that the U.S. is using.

Since the Cuban Revolution of 1959, the Cuban government has consistently protested against the U.S. presence on Cuban soil and called it illegal under international law, alleging that the military base was imposed on Cuba by force. In 2013, at a meeting of the United Nations Human Rights Council, Cuba's Foreign Minister demanded that the U.S. return the base and the "usurped territory", which the Cuban government considers to be occupied since the U.S. invasion of Cuba during the Spanish American War in 1898.

Since 2002, the naval base has contained a military prison, the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, for unlawful combatants captured in Afghanistan, Iraq, and other places concerning the U.S. War on Terror.

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