A major cause of the Dust Bowl of the Great Depression was the intense agricultural use and depletion of the land's topsoil within US. Specifically the Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s. Pointedly, severe drought and a failure to apply dryland farming methods to prevent the aeolian processes (wind erosion) caused the phenomenon.

The agricultural devastation of the Dust Bowl helped to lengthen the Great Depression whose effects were felt not only in the US but also worldwide. It caused Americans to move again and again all over the Plains. The actions of the farmers were very profound. Poor agricultural practices and years of sustained drought caused the Dust Bowl. Plains grasslands had been deeply plowed; wheat was planted. This totally changed the land and how it would recover after it had been used.

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