Hans Island is a barren uninhabited island measuring 1.3 km2 (0.5 sq mi), 1,290 m (4,230 ft) long and 1,199 m (3,934 ft) wide. It is in the centre of the Kennedy Channel of Nares Strait that separates Ellesmere Island from northern Greenland and connects Baffin Bay with the Lincoln Sea.

Hans Island is the smallest of three islands in Kennedy Channel off the Washington Land coast; the others are Franklin Island and Crozier Island. The strait at this point is 35 km (22 mi) wide, placing the island within the territorial waters of both Canada and Greenland (Denmark). A theoretical line in the middle of the strait goes through the island.

The island has likely been part of Inuit hunting grounds since the 14th century. It is claimed by Canada and also claimed by Denmark on behalf of Greenland's home rule government. In accordance with the Greenland home rule treaty, Denmark handles certain foreign affairs, such as border disputes, on behalf of the entire Danish Realm.

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