Galway, or County Galway, is the only county in the Republic of Ireland beginning with the letter G. It is named after the city of the same name and is located in the west of the country. The county has existed since 1569, when it had a population of around 19,000. This has increased to over 258,000.

Around 20% of Galway's population are native Irish speakers. It is home to Ireland's only Irish-language theatre, Taibhdhearc na Gaillimhe, and an Irish-speaking radio station, Raidió na Gaeltachta.

County Galway is a mountainous region, with the Twelve Bens mountain range, Maum Turk mountains, and the Slieve Aughty taking up a portion of the land. It is also home to several of Ireland's largest lakes, including Lough Corrib (the largest lake in the Republic of Ireland), Lough Derg and Lough Mask.

The name Galway comes from 'Gaillimh', the name of the earliest settlement in the area. The city of Galway bears the nickname "City of the Tribes" because fourteen merchant families known as the "tribes of Galway" once lived in the city.

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