Bahadur Shah II, also called Bahadur Shah Zafar, (1775 - 1862), was the twentieth and the last Mughal emperor of India. He was a prolific Urdu poet, musician, and calligrapher, more than a political leader. For most of his reign (1837-57), he was a titular Emperor, as the Mughal Empire existed in name only and his authority was limited only to the walled city of old Delhi. He figured briefly, and reluctantly, in the Indian Mutiny of 1857-58, rebel troops from the city of Meerut seized Delhi and compelled Bahadur Shah Jafar to accept the leadership of the revolt.

He was arrested by the British Army after it captured Delhi in September 1857. The British exiled him to Rangoon in British controlled Burma (Myanmar), after convicting him on several charges. In 1862, at the age of 87, he had reportedly acquired illness suffering from the paralysis in the region of throat. Zafar died in Rangoon, Burma Province, British India on Friday, 7 November 1862. British Commissioner Davies commanded for the collection of lime and bricks and a spot was selected at the "back of Zafar's enclosure", for his burial near the Shwedagon Pagoda at 6 Ziwaka road, Yangoon. The shrine of Bahadur Shah Zafar Dargah was built there after the recovery of his tomb on 16 February, 1991. A two story mausoleum was constructed in 1994 on Ziwaka road in Dagon Township. Ex- Pakistan President Asif Ali Zardari and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi have visited the mausoleum.

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