Caltagirone is an inland city on the island (and region) of Sicily, Italy. It has been inhabited since prehistoric times, as shown by the presence of two necropoleis dating from the second millennium BCE and by numerous other archaeological finds. It was later inhabited by the Sicels pre-Roman population.

The Arabs built a castle here that in 1030 was attacked by Ligurian troops under the Byzantine general George Maniakes, who have left traces of Ligurian language in the current dialect. The city flourished under the Norman and Hohenstaufen domination, becoming a renowned center for production of ceramics.

The most important cultural attractions of the town are the Archeological Area of Monte San Mauro, that includes remains of ancient houses from the Bronze Age.

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