Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (1887–1968) was a French-American painter, sculptor, chess player, and writer whose work is associated with Cubism, Dada, and conceptual art.

Marcel Duchamp was born in Normandy, France, and grew up in a family that enjoyed cultural activities. Duchamp's early art works align with Post-Impressionist styles.

While attending art school, Duchamp drew cartoons which reflected his ribald humor. Many of the drawings use verbal puns, visual puns, or both. Such play with words and symbols engaged his imagination for the rest of his life.

New York Dada had a less serious tone than that of European Dadaism, and was not a particularly organized venture. Duchamp connected with the Dada group in Zürich, bringing to New York the Dadaist ideas of absurdity and "anti-art".

Duchamp was inspired to emigrate to the USA to be involved with the New York art scene with his unique style of painting and sculpture.

Duchamp published a Dada magazine in New York, entitled 'The Blind Man', which included art, literature, humor and commentary. Duchamp became a United States citizen in 1955.

Duchamp died suddenly and peacefully in the early morning of 2 October 1968 in France of heart failure.

Duchamp is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse, as one of the three artists who helped to define the revolutionary developments in the opening decades of the 20th century, responsible for significant developments in painting and sculpture.

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