Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (nicknamed "The Red Priest" because of his red hair) was an Italian Baroque composer, priest, and virtuoso violinist, born in Venice, and widely recognized as one of the greatest Baroque composers. His influence during his lifetime was widespread over Europe. He is mainly known for his instrumental concertos (especially for the violin) as well as his sacred choral works and over 40 operas. His best known work is a series of violin concertos known as "The Four Seasons".

Vivaldi also had some success with expensive stagings of his operas in Venice, Mantua and Vienna. After meeting the Emperor Charles VI, Vivaldi moved to Vienna, hoping for royal support. However, the Emperor died soon after Vivaldi's arrival, and Vivaldi himself died, in poverty, less than a year later. Though Vivaldi's music was well received during his lifetime, it later declined in popularity until its vigorous revival in the first half of the 20th century.

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