A chain (ch) is a unit of imperial length that was once used for measuring land. It is the equivalent of 66 feet, 22 yards or 20 metres. A chain is usually subdivided into 100 links or 4 rods. There are 80 chains in one mile (1.6 km).

The measurement was invented by Edmund Gunter (1581-1626), a British clergyman and mathematician. He made a physical chain of 100 small metal links that when pieced together spanned 66ft (20m). The device could be used to measure areas in links and chains by positioning it on the ground in a straight line.

The unit was once important in everyday life in the United Kingdom and the United States. Map makers and city planners used it for accuracy and continued to do so long after more accurate methods were invented. In England, it is still used to measure some railways and cricket pitches. The latter is the equivalent of one chain.

More Info: en.m.wikipedia.org