Mauna Loa is the largest volcano on Earth, a title it held for a long time, briefly lost in 2013, but now has it back again. In 2013, scientists announced that they believed the Tamu Massif underwater volcano was the world's largest, but now they don't even think it's a volcano. Mauna Loa is thought to have been erupting more or less continuously for 700,000 years now. Due to its frequent lava flows, it poses a great risk to surrounding communities.

It is one of five volcanoes that form the island of Hawaii in the U.S. state of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The largest volcano in mass and volume, Mauna Loa is an active shield volcano with relatively gentle slopes, with a volume estimated at approximately 18,000 cubic miles (75,000 km3), although its peak is about 125 feet (38 m) lower than that of its neighbor, Mauna Kea. It makes up more than half of the surface area of the island of Hawaii.

Mauna Loa rises 30,085 feet (9,170 m) from base to summit, greater than the 29,029 feet (8,848 m) elevation of Mount Everest from sea level to its summit. In addition, much of the mountain is invisible even underwater: its mass depresses the crust beneath it by another 5 miles (8 km), meaning the total height of Mauna Loa from the start of its eruptive history is about 56,000 feet (17,170 m).

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