During the Revolutionary War, the Battle of Saratoga did not include the presence of George Washington as one of the belligerent commanders and leaders of the American Continental Army.

Fought 18 days apart (September 19 and October 7) in the fall of 1777, the 2 Battles of Saratoga were a turning point in the American Revolution. On September 19th, British General John Burgoyne achieved a small, but costly victory over American forces led by Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnold. Though his troop strength had been weakened, Burgoyne again attacked the Americans at Bemis Heights on October 7th. This time he was defeated and forced to retreat. He surrendered 10 days later. The American victory convinced the French government to formally recognize the colonist’s cause and enter the war as an ally.

The 2 battles in Saratoga gave the coup de grace to the 1777 British invasion of America from Canada. After capturing Fort Ticonderoga with great ease, General Burgoyne's British army crawled south at a tortoise pace. This gave the rattled Americans time to regroup under Horatio Gates. To help him, General George Washington sent Benedict Arnold, his best infantry commander; Colonel Daniel Morgan and his crack regiment of Virginia riflemen; and 2 brigades of Continentals from the Hudson Highlands. This aid raised Gates’s strength to about 6500 men. Plus, Colonel Thaddeus Kosciusko, a Polish engineer, built excellent field fortifications on Bemis Heights overlooking the Hudson River.

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