The word that is used to describe a state of intense rage is apoplectic. This is a word that had its greatest use and was extremely popular in the 19th century. It is used as an adjective and (1) refers to those enraged to the point of fury, (2) relates to the causes of or denotes a stroke (apoplexy), and/or (3) points to something likely to cause a stroke. Apoplectic comes from a Greek word that means to 'disable by a stroke'.

One of entertainment's most endearing and long-enduring characters known for being apoplectic is Donald Duck. His signature reaction was to become so angry as to squawk unintelligibly, with his normally white-feathered face turning a deep shade of red.

The following are examples. First, Dave was apoplectic when he realized that someone had been stealing his lunches for the last two years. Second, John was worried when he discovered that his new patient was prone to becoming apoplectic.

More Info: en.wiktionary.org