Belize is a country on the north eastern coast of Central America. It borders Mexico to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and Guatemala to the west and south. It also shares a water boundary with Honduras to the southeast. It was formerly known as British Honduras and achieved its independence from the United Kingdom in 1981. Belmopan is the capital city of Belize.

In addition to being the smallest capital city in the continental Americas by population (16,451 in 2010) it is the third-largest settlement in Belize, behind Belize City and San Ignacio.

Belmopan is 50 miles (80 km) inland from the Caribbean Sea and is located near the Belize River Valley with a view of the Mountain Pine Ridge foothills. It is at an altitude of 76 m (249 feet) above sea level in the Cayo District.

The new capital was conceived after Hurricane Hattie did extensive damage to the former capital Belize City in 1961. The site was chosen to be far enough inland to avoid a recurrence of disastrous flooding. Construction was started in 1966 with funds from a United Kingdom grant.

In 1970 government offices were moved to the new capital and housing construction went on through the 1970s. Most of the residents of Belmopan are government employees and their families. Its National Assembly Building is designed to resemble a Pre-Columbian Maya temple.

Riga, Dili and Suva are the 4 letter capitals of Latvia, East Timor and Fiji respectively.

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