Bartholomew was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ according to the New Testament. He is said to have been martyred for having converted Polymius, King of Armenia, to Christianity. He has also been identified as Nathanael or Nathaniel, who appears in the Gospel of John who introduced to Jesus by Philip, although many modern commentators reject the identification of Nathanael with Bartholomew.

According to the Synaxarium of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, Bartholomew's martyrdom is commemorated on the first day on the Coptic Calendar, which currently falls on September 11 (corresponding to August 29 in the Julian Calendar). Eastern Christianity honors him on June 11 and the Catholic Church honors him on August 24.

Bartholomew the Apostle is remembered in the Church of England with a festival on 24 August.

In art, Bartholomew is most commonly depicted with a beard and curly hair at the time of his matyrdom. According to legends, he was skinned alive and beheaded so is often depicted holding his flayed skin or the curved flensing knife with which he was skinned; thus, he is remembered and approved as a saint of leather makers.

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