In Greek mythology, Prometheus, meaning "forethought" is a Titan, culture hero, and trickster figure who is credited with the creation of man from clay, and who defies the gods by stealing fire and giving it to humanity, an act that enabled progress and civilization. Prometheus is known for his intelligence and as a champion of mankind.

As described in Hesiod's Theogony, Prometheus stole the fire inside a fennel stalk, and gave it to humanity. Zeus, king of the Olympian gods, then ordered the creation of the first woman Pandora as a new punishment for mankind. And Prometheus was chained to a cliff, where an eagle fed on his ever-regenerating liver every day, until eventually Zeus' son Heracles came to free him.

In "Prometheus Bound", a tragedy written by Aeschylus, in addition to giving humankind fire, Prometheus claims to have taught them the arts of civilization, such as writing, mathematics, agriculture, medicine, and science. The Titan's greatest benefaction for humankind seems to have been saving them from complete destruction.

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