Julius Caesar, in full Gaius Julius Caesar, (born July 12/13, 100? BCE, Rome —died March 15, 44 BCE, Rome ), was a celebrated Roman general and statesman, the conqueror of Gaul (58–50 BCE), victor in the civil war of 49–45 BCE, and dictator (46–44 BCE), who was launching a series of political and social reforms when he died. The assassination of Julius Caesar was a conspiracy of 60 or more Roman senators, led by Marcus Junius Brutus, Cassius Longinus, and Decimus Brutus, at the end of the Roman Republic.

Possibly in the early afternoon of the Ides of March (15 March) 44BC, Caesar was due to attend the games at the Theatre of Pompey, located in the "Campus Martius" and used the east entrance of that area, where the conspirators already waited. They lured him into a room next to the theater’s east entrance and stabbed him 23 times. The legend states that he managed to run out of the room and made it a few steps outside the building, but collapsed on the staircase and died.

The "Campus Martius" (Latin for the "Field of Mars", Italian “Campo Marzio”) was a publicly owned area of ancient Rome about 2 square km (490 acres) in extent. Over the course of the next 2000 years, the Theatre of Pompey built by Pompey the Great, was buried literally, under the sands of time but was finally rediscovered. It is now called “Largo di Torre Argentina” ("Torre Argentina Square") and is located very close to the Pantheon, in Rome.

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