Hyksos were invaders that controlled part of which ancient realm?

The Hyksos or translated from the Egyptian term “ruler(s) of foreign lands” were kings of the Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt, that dynasty lasted from around 1650 to 1550 BC. Control by the Hyksos was not over the entire land, they primarily ruled over Lower Egypt and areas south referred to as “Middle Egypt”. The rest of Egypt (Upper Egypt) was controlled by the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Dynasties, with the Pharaohs based in Thebes. The Hyksos capital was at the city of Avaris in the Nile delta.

Third century BC Greco-Egyptian priest/historian Manetho portrayed the Hyksos as invaders and oppressors. Modern views of Egyptologists see the Hyksos more as Western Semitic peoples that gradually moved into the Nile delta, filling in where the Twelfth and Thirteenth Dynasties lost control of Lower Egypt.

Conflict between the Hyksos and the pharaohs of the late Seventeenth climaxed with the defeat of the Hyksos by Pharaoh Ahmose I, who founded the Eighteenth Dynasty. In subsequent centuries the Egyptians would view the Hyksos as violent and oppressive foreign rulers.