The ship has a strange history. She was built in Canada and launched in May 1861 with the name Amazon (pictured). In October 1867 Amazon was driven ashore in a storm and was so badly damaged that her owners abandoned her as a wreck. Richard W. Haines, an American mariner from New York, paid US$1,750 for the wreck, and then spent $8,825 restoring it. He made himself her captain, and in December 1868 registered her in New York as an American vessel, under a new name, Mary Celeste.

On December 4, 1872 the Mary Celeste was discovered abandoned between the Azores and Portugal. The last entry on the ship's daily log, found in the mate's cabin, was dated at 8:00 am on November 25. It recorded Mary Celeste's position then as off Santa Maria Island in the Azores—nearly 400 nautical miles from the point where she was found.

In 1884, Arthur Conan Doyle wrote a short story based on the mystery of the Mary Celeste, but spelled the vessel's name as Marie Celeste for the purposes of his story.

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