"The State of France" was the official name of so-called "Vichy France" a puppet state of Nazi Germany. Operation Torch was part of an Allied plan to liberate the whole of North Africa. It involved an invasion of French Morocco and French Algeria. It was hoped that the participation of US troops would make the Vichy French less inclined to resist because of old ties between France and the US. But the landings were resisted and about 500 Allied troops died.

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