Ten-pin bowling is a sport in which a player (called a "bowler") rolls a bowling ball down a lane towards ten pins positioned at the end of the lane. The objective is to score the highest pinfall by knocking down as many pins as possible. Three finger holes are drilled into a traditional bowling ball, and weights vary to make the sport playable for all ages.

The bowler is allowed 10 frames in which to knock down pins, with frames 1 through 9 being composed of up to two rolls. The 10th frame is composed of up to three rolls: the bonus roll(s) following a strike or spare in the tenth. The maximum score in a game of ten-pin is 300, scored by making 12 strikes in a row.

In general, one point is scored for each pin that is knocked over. So if a player bowls over three pins with the first shot and six with the second he would receive a total of nine points for that frame. In the event that all ten pins are knocked over by a player in a single frame, bonuses are awarded.

Strike: When all ten pins are knocked down with the first ball (called a strike and typically rendered as an "X" on a scoresheet), a player is awarded ten pins, plus a bonus of whatever is scored with the next two balls. In this way, the pinfall scored for the two balls after the strike are counted twice.

Spare: A "spare" is awarded when no pins are left standing after the second ball of a frame; i.e., a player uses both balls of a frame to clear all ten pins.

More Info: en.wikipedia.org