"A Lesson Before Dying" is Ernest J. Gaines' eighth novel, published in 1993. It was nominated for the Pulitzer Prize and won the National Book Critics Circle Award. The novel is based on the true story of Willie Francis, a young Black American man best known for surviving a failed electrocution in the state of Louisiana in 1946.

Set in the fictional community of Bayonne, Louisiana, in the late 1940s, "A Lesson Before Dying" tells the story of Jefferson, a twenty-one-year-old uneducated black field worker wrongfully accused and convicted of the robbery and murder of a white man, and sentenced to death by electrocution. Determined that Jefferson will die with dignity, his godmother ("nannan"), Miss Emma, turns to Grant Wiggins, a black teacher at the local plantation school, and asks him to teach Jefferson to be a man

Grant Wiggins

The local schoolteacher, narrator, and the protagonist of "A Lesson Before Dying".

Vivian Baptiste

Grant’s beautiful girlfriend, Vivian Baptiste, is a schoolteacher in Bayonne, the nearest town to Grant’s home. Vivian is also a mother, and has a husband, though they are in the process of getting divorced.

Irene Cole

Grant’s student teacher. She may be in love with Grant.

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