Arugula (American English) or rocket (British English) is an edible annual plant in the family 'Brassicaceae' used as a leaf vegetable for its fresh, tart, bitter, and peppery flavor. Other common names include garden rocket (in Britain, Australia, South Africa, Ireland, and New Zealand). It is also called "ruchetta", "rucola", "rucoli", "rugula", "colewort", and "roquette". 'Eruca sativa', which is widely popular as a salad vegetable, is a species of 'Eruca' native to the Mediterranean region, from Morocco and Portugal in the west to Syria, Lebanon, Egypt and Turkey in the east.

'Eruca vesicaria# is an annual plant growing to 20 to 100 centimetres (8 to 40 inches) in height. The pinnate leaves are deeply lobed with four to ten small lateral lobes and a large terminal lobe. The flowers are 2 to 4 cm (3⁄4 to 1+1⁄2 in) in diameter, arranged in a cluster, with the typical 'Brassicaceae' flower structure. The petals are creamy white with purple veins, and the stamens yellow. The fruit is a siliqua (pod) 12 to 25 mm (1⁄2 to 1 in) long with an apical beak, containing several seeds (which are edible).

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