The British Royal Navy battleship HMS Prince of Wales and battlecruiser HMS Repulse were sunk during WWII. Which of the following was responsible?

Land-based bombers of the Japanese Navy on 10 December 1941

On December 10, 1941, the Royal Navy suffered their greatest loss as a result of a single engagement, when the Capital ships HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse were sunk by Japanese warplanes, with the tragic loss of over 840 officers and men.

This battle was a groundbreaking achievement for the Japanese, being the first time Capital ships had been sunk by aircraft whilst having the freedom of the open sea to maneuver in.

The engagement took place north of Singapore, some 50 miles off the east coast of Malaya, near Kuantan, Pahang. The objective of Force Z, which consisted of one battleship, one battlecruiser, and four destroyers, was to intercept the Japanese invasion fleet north of Malaya. However, the task force sailed without any air support, which had been declined by Admiral Sir Tom Phillips, the commander of Force Z.